In pedicure care, many of the instruments used are reusable medical devices that are subject to strict hygiene and sterilization protocols. Sterilization is an essential step in ensuring patient safety and preventing any risk of cross-contamination.
The main stages of material processing
A good sterilization protocol follows a series of clearly defined steps, from pre-disinfection to final sterilization:
1. Pre-disinfection
As soon as the treatment is complete, the instrument must undergo pre-disinfection:
- Immersion in a suitable detergent-disinfectant solution
- Apply disinfectant to clean surfaces. This step must be carried out immediately after use to limit protein binding and facilitate cleaning.
2. Cleaning, rinsing and drying
Brushing removes impurities and dirt from the instrument. This is followed by mechanical cleaning (manual or ultrasonic) to remove visible and invisible residues.
Once clean, the instrument must be rinsed thoroughly and then dried carefully: only clean, dry instruments can be sterilized effectively.
3. Lubrication
Articulated instruments (toenail clippers, scissors, etc.) must be lubricated using a specific lubricant that is compatible with sterilization. This step helps to maintain the proper functioning of the equipment, prevent premature wear, and ensure smooth opening and closing during use.
4. Packaging and wrapping
Instruments must be packaged in bags suitable for sterilization (heat-sealable or self-adhesive).
An important criterion: the packaging protects the instrument after sterilization until its next use.
5. Steam sterilization (autoclave)
Autoclave is now recognized as the recommended method for sterilizing reusable instruments. It combines pressurized steam and high temperatures to eliminate all microorganisms.
6. Storage
Once sterilized, instruments such as blade handles or burs must be stored in a clean, dry, and protected place. The packaging must not be perforated or damaged in order to maintain sterility until the next use. These instruments must also be clearly labeled (sterilization date, cycle or batch number). This traceability ensures that the equipment can be tracked and guarantees the safety and compliance of care.
Single-use instruments
Some instruments are designed for single use only. These instruments must be disposed of immediately after use in the appropriate waste streams (medical waste). Their reuse is strictly prohibited.
Sterilization is not a mere formality: it is a rigorous, structured, and essential process for ensuring safe and professional care. By following each step - from pre-disinfection to final storage - and ensuring seamless traceability, podiatrists ensure both the safety of their patients and the compliance of their practice.